2020-06-29 | 多语种党政文献简写本及专家解读文库
编者按：2018年11月30日，国家主席习近平在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯举行的二十国集团领导人第十三次峰会第一阶段会议上发表题为《登高望远，牢牢把握世界经济正确方向》的重要讲话。以下是讲话的双语摘编：
今年是国际金融危机发生10周年，也是二十国集团领导人峰会10周年。尽管世界经济整体保持增长，但危机的深层次影响仍未消除，经济增长新旧动能转换尚未完成，各类风险加快积聚。
新一轮科技革命和产业变革引发深刻变化，贫富差距和社会矛盾压力不断增加。世界经济再一次面临历史性的选择。
人类发展进步大潮滚滚向前，世界经济时有波折起伏，但各国走向开放、走向融合的大趋势没有改变。
各国相互协作、优势互补是生产力发展的客观要求，也代表着生产关系演变的前进方向。在这一进程中，各国逐渐形成利益共同体、责任共同体、命运共同体。面对重重挑战，我们既要增强紧迫感，也要保持理性，登高望远，以负责任态度把握世界经济大方向。
第一，坚持开放合作，维护多边贸易体制。2018年全球货物贸易量增速可能下滑0.3%。我们应该坚定维护自由贸易和基于规则的多边贸易体制。中方赞成对世界贸易组织进行必要改革，关键是要维护开放、包容、非歧视等世界贸易组织核心价值和基本原则，保障发展中国家发展利益和政策空间。要坚持各方广泛协商，循序推进，不搞“一言堂”。
第二，坚持伙伴精神，加强宏观政策协调。伙伴精神是二十国集团最宝贵的财富。各方应该坚持财政、货币、结构性改革“三位一体”的政策工具，努力推动世界经济强劲、平衡、可持续、包容增长。发达经济体在采取货币和财政政策时，应该更加关注并努力减少对新兴市场国家和发展中国家的冲击。国际货币体系应该继续朝着多元化方向迈进，要构筑更加牢固的全球金融安全网。
第三，坚持创新引领，挖掘经济增长动力。世界经济数字化转型是大势所趋，新的工业革命将深刻重塑人类社会。
第四，坚持普惠共赢，促进全球包容发展。当今世界面临的很多问题，归根结底都和发展问题相关。发展也是实现公平公正的强有力支撑。要维护发展中国家发展利益和空间，支持世界经济真正公平发展。
今年是中国改革开放40周年。40年来，在国际社会支持下，中国人民通过不懈奋斗，取得了历史性发展成就。国际金融危机发生以来，中国经济对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。
中国下决心将减贫进行到底，到2020年彻底消除现行标准下的绝对贫困，这个目标一定会实现。中国得益于改革开放，中国将坚定不移沿着这条路走下去。前不久，中国成功举办首届国际进口博览会，赢得国际社会广泛赞誉。
中国将继续深化市场化改革，保护产权和知识产权，鼓励公平竞争，主动扩大进口。今后，我们将每年举办中国国际进口博览会，向世界进一步敞开中国市场。我们将继续朝着这一方向不懈努力。中方希望各国共同营造自由、开放、包容、有序的国际经济大环境。
President Xi Jinping's Speech at the 13th G20 Summit--Edited Excerpt
Editor's note: Chinese President Xi Jinping addressed the 13th G20 Summit in Buenos Aires, Argentina, at its first session on November 30, 2018 calling for joint efforts to uphold and build an open world economy. An edited excerpt follows:
It has been 10 years since the global financial crisis broke out and since the first G20 summit was held. Today, the global economy, is still not free from the lingering impacts of the 2008 crisis, even though it continues to maintain growth overall. Old growth drivers are yet to be replaced by new ones and various risks are building up rapidly.
The new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is triggering profound changes worldwide, namely the increase in wealth inequality and the intensification of social contradictions. The world economy is facing another historical choice.
In humanity’s relentless quest for development and progress, the trend toward openness and integration among countries is unstoppable despite instabilities in the global economy.
Greater coordination between complementary economies around the world must meet the need of productivity growth. They will also shape the future of relations of production. In this process, countries are increasingly becoming a community of shared interests, shared responsibilities and a shared future. Going forward, cooperation resulting in gains for all those involved is the only choice for us, be it in good times or bad. Facing various challenges, we must have a stronger sense of urgency, be rational in approach and look beyond the horizon. We must fulfill our responsibility and steer the global economy in the right direction.
First, we should stay committed to openness and cooperation and uphold the multilateral trading system. In 2018, the growth of trade in goods may decline by 0.3 percent globally. We should uphold free trade and the rules-based multilateral trading system. China supports necessary reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and believes that it is critical to uphold the WTO's core values and fundamental principles such as openness, inclusiveness and non-discrimination, and ensure the development interests and policy space of developing countries. We need to conduct extensive consultation to achieve gradual progress instead of imposing one's position on others.
Moreover, we should forge a strong partnership with other countries and step up macro policy coordination. Partnership is the most valuable asset of the G20. We should employ the three tools of fiscal and monetary policies and structural reform in a holistic way to ensure strong, balanced, sustainable and inclusive growth of the global economy. Developed economies, when adopting monetary and fiscal policies, should give more consideration to and work to minimize the impact such policies may exert on emerging markets and developing economies. The international monetary system should become more diversified, and the global financial safety net should continue to be strengthened.
On that point, we should stay committed to innovation and create new momentum for growth. The global economy is embracing the trend of digital transformation, and the technological revolution that we find ourselves in will reshape human society in profound ways.
Furthermore, we should commit to partnerships resulting in gains for countries involved to promote inclusive global development. Development holds the key to solving any problems facing the world today. Development also provides a strong guarantee for greater equity and justice. We should protect the development interests and space of developing countries to ensure global growth that is truly equitable.
This year marks the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening up. During the past 40 years, with the support of the international community, businesses and individuals in China have forged ahead with perseverance and made historic achievements in development. In the years since the global financial crisis, China has contributed over 30 percent of global growth.
China is firm in its resolve to eradicate poverty. Our goal is to eliminate absolute poverty as currently defined by 2020, and we have every confidence that we will meet this target. China owes its progress to reform and opening up, and will continue to advance on this path. Earlier this month, the first China International Import Expo (CIIE) was successfully held, and was warmly received by the international community.
China will continue to deepen market-oriented reform, protect property rights and intellectual property rights, encourage fair competition and do more to expand imports. The CIIE will be held annually as a way to further open China's market. China will continue to improve its business environment, and hopes that all countries will work together for a free, open, inclusive and orderly international economic environment.
